The Journey of an Electric Vehicle
From raw materials to recycling
01 Mining & Processing
02 Battery
03 Ownership & Charging
04 Second Life
05 Recycling
Closing
About
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From mining to material processing
Lithium — Australia: 88K metric tonnes (2023, representative figure)
Lithium · Australia
Nickel — Indonesia: 1.8M metric tonnes (2023, representative figure)
Nickel · Indonesia
Cobalt — DR Congo: 170K metric tonnes (2023, representative figure)
Cobalt · DR Congo
Copper — Chile: 5.3M metric tonnes (2023, representative figure)
Copper · Chile
Graphite — China: 1.2M metric tonnes (2023, representative figure)
Graphite · China
Major Refining Hub — China. Representative of global battery-material refining and processing — one of several major hubs, not the exclusive destination.
Major Refining & Battery Materials Processing
Lithium
— Australia
Nickel
— Indonesia
Cobalt
— DR Congo
Copper
— Chile
Graphite
— China
Representative industry data