The Journey of an Electric VehicleFrom raw materials to recycling
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The second-life battery reaches the end of stationary service

Recovery pipeline

Battery

Modules

Cells

Recovered Materials

New Battery

Material recovery

Lithium92% recovered · 8% loss
Nickel95% recovered · 5% loss
Cobalt96% recovered · 4% loss
Copper97% recovered · 3% loss
Graphite80% recovered · 20% loss
Manganese90% recovered · 10% loss
Supporting Materials90% recovered · 10% loss

Where recovered materials go

New EV Batteries
Grid Storage
Consumer Electronics
Industrial Storage

Representative industry data